Botany of Bouvetøya, South Atlantic Ocean. II. The terrestrial vegetation of Bouvetøya - Engelskjøn, Torstein (Polar Research, 1987)
Keywords: Bouvetøya; botanikk; forskning; planter

Breeding ecology of the Antarctic petrel Thalassoica Antarctica in Mühlig-Hofmannfjella, Dronning Maud Land - Fridtjof, Mehlum; Claus, Bech; Svein, Haftorn (Proceedings of the NIPR Symposium on Polar Biology, 1987)
Keywords: Dronning Maud Land; NARE 1984/85; ekspedisjoner; forskning; fugler; ornitologi; zoologi

Geochemistry of basalt lavas from Vestfjella and adjacent areas, Dronning Maud Land, Antarctica - Furnes, Harald; Vad, Erik; Austrheim, Håkon; Mitchell, John G.; Garmann, Leif B. (Lithos, 1987)
K-Ar ages, major- and trace-element compositions, and Sr-isotope data are presented for basalt lavas from Vestfjella, Dronning Maud Land, Antarctica. The new conventional K-Ar age data have yielded ages from 171 ± 2 to 695 ± 11 Ma, but the youngest (i.e. Middle Jurassic) ages are preferred. Mineralogical and chemical data show that the majority of the basalts are tholeiites. Petrographic mixing calculations, REE modelling, and the Sr isotope data suggest that they were derived by partial melting of garnet-free lherzolites with variable REE patterns, and subsequently modified by fractionation of olivine, Ca-rich pyroxene and plagioclase. Incompatible trace-element data from nearby Middle Jurassic basalt lavas (from Kirwanryggen and Heimefrontfjella) suggest a different source and REE modelling indicates generation from garnet lherzolites.
Keywords: Dronning Maud Land; NARE 1976/77; geokjemi; geologi; mineralogi; paleontologi; petrografi

Geology, geophysics, and hydrocarbon potential of Antarctica continental margin of Weddell Sea - Hinz, K.; Kristoffersen, Yngve (AAPG Bulletin, 1987)
A prominent escarpment, called the Explora-Andenes Escarpment, has been recognized between long. 40°W, lat. 72°40^primeS and long. 10°W, lat. 69°20^primeS. It separates the continental margin from the Weddell Sea basin. Our recent MCS data have revealed the presence of some remarkably symmetric structures beneath a thick pile of tectonically undisturbed sediments. For example, two extensive wedge-shaped basement units occur between 20°W and 40°W. These units are characterized by a pattern of divergent reflectors which surround an elongated depression in basement. The northern wedge terminates against the Explora-Andenes Escarpment between 25°W and 30°W. The southern wedge, known as the Explora Wedge, shows a northward-dipping reflection pattern. The seismic characteristics suggest that both wedges consist of volcanic rocks. The basement depression is interpreted as a failed rift basin. The initial fragmentation of Gondwana was accompanied by prolific volcanism, which led to the emplacement of the wedges of "dipping reflectors." The tectonomagmatic/volcanic period was followed by transtensional movements between Africa and Antarctica. This phase was heralded by the formation of the Explora-Andenes Escarpment as a new plate boundary and the opening of the Weddell Sea by sea-floor spreading. The Explora-Andenes Escarpment cuts across the early rift structures. The initial fragmentation of Gondwana was accompanied by prolific volcanism, which led to the emplacement of the wedges of dipping reflectors. The tectonomagmatic/volcanic period was followed by transtensional movements between Africa and Antarctica. This phase was heralded by the formation of the Explora-Andenes Escarpment as a new plate boundary and the opening of the Weddell Sea by sea-floor spreading. The Explora-Andenes Escarpment cuts across the early rift structures.
Keywords: Antarktis; Sørishavet; Weddellhavet; geofysikk; geologi

Rosshavets base på Stewart Island - Hoff, Stein (Norsk sjøfartsmuseum. Årsberetning, 1987)
Keywords: Antarktis; Carl Anton Larsen; Nordmenn; historie; hvalfangere; hvalfangststasjoner; pelagisk

Interrelationships between egg dimensions, pore numbers, incubation time, and adult body mass in Procellariiformes with special reference to the Antarctic petrel Thalassoica antarctica - Mehlum, Fridtjof; Rahn, Hermann; Bech, Claus; Haftorn, Svein (Polar Research, 1987)
Keywords: Dronning Maud Land; NARE 1984/85; ekspedisjoner; forskning; fugler; ornitologi; zoologi

Evolution of under water sides of ice shelves and icebergs - Orheim, Olav (Annals of Glaciology, 1987)
A systematic programme of side-scan sonar and plumb- line soundings was carried out in the Weddell Sea area in 1985 to measure the under-water sides of ice shelves and icebergs. From these observations the following model is suggested for the evolution of the ice front: (1) Initial stage: fracturing of the ice shelves takes place along smooth, curvi-linear segments with vertical faces. (2) Formative stage: the freshly formed vertical face is eroded both by wave and swell action around the water line, by small calvings from the undercut, overhanging subaerial face, and by submarine melting. The melting has a minimum at 50–100 m depth, and increases with depth to a rate of around 10 m a−1 at 200 m, This is about twice the rate of erosion at the water line. The variation in melting with depth results from a combination of summer melting by near-surface water, and year-round melting by water masses that are increasingly warmer than the pressure melting-point with depth. (3) Mature stage: this stage is reached after a few years of exposure. The backward erosion of the face leads to a shape with a prominent under-water “nose” with a maximum projection to more than 50 m at 50–100 m depth. The ramp above this slopes upwards to meet the vertical wall about 5 m below the water line. The ice below the nose is melted back beyond the above-water face. There is no net buoyancy and ice shelves at this mature stage are generally not up-warped at the front.
Keywords: Sørishavet; glasiologi

Icebergs in the Southern Ocean (abstract) - Orheim, Olav (Annals of Glaciology, 1987)
Relatively little data on the distribution of Antarctic icebergs were available prior to 1980. The published literature included size data of about 5000 icebergs, and position data of 12 000 icebergs. There were indications that the size data were biased in favour of larger icebergs. A programme of systematic iceberg observations was therefore initiated by Norsk Polarinstitutt in 198! through the SCAR Working Group on Glaciology. This programme is based on standard “blue” forms distributed to all ships going to Antarctica. The icebergs are recorded every 6 h and in Five length groups: 10–50, 50–200, 200–500, and 500–1000 m, and those over 1000 m are described individually. The amount of data has increased greatly from the start in 1981–82. The position of 70 000 icebergs, including 50 000 that had been size classified, were on file at Norsk Polarinstitutt by December 1985, and the data set is growing rapidly. Most ships travelling to and from Antarctica now participate in collection of the data. ( shows the locations of the icebergs sighted.) Fig. 1. Location of iceberg observations under the programme initiated in 1981. Main ship tracks are clearly reflected. The average observation represents 14 icebergs. The size distribution of the classified icebergs observed under this programme up to December 1985 is given in : Table I The “standard size” (length, width, and thickness) is based on our observations from three Antarctic expeditions which carried out dedicated iceberg studies. Many icebergs are of course not right-angled parallelepipedal in shape, but this is a good approximation for most of the larger icebergs. The data are based both on visual sightings and on radar observations. Duplicate observations from a ship moving at slow or zero speed are as far as possible eliminated, both during observation, and by critical appraisal before the data are filed. The data editing also includes evaluation of data quality, especially in connection with radar observations, and comparison of positions and dimensions of the large icebergs in order to reduce to a minimum repeated observations from different vessels of icebergs >1000 m. These account for most of the iceberg mass (see ). Consideration of iceberg-distribution patterns and the observed area of the Southern Ocean, and of duplicate observations, indicates more than 300 000 icebergs south of the Antarctic Convergence, with a total ice mass of about 1016 kg. Consideration of mean residence times indicates an annual iceberg production from the continent of 23–1015 kg, which is considerably higher than most other recent estimates. This also suggests that the Antarctic ice sheet is in balance. The data indicate large regional differences in iceberg sizes, the most noticeable being between the two sides of the Antarctic Peninsula, and between the Amery Ice Shelf/ Prydz Bay area and the remainder of East Antarctica. These differences are probably mainly related to different calving sites. About one-third of the observed icebergs are over the continental shelf of Antarctica. The total under-water area of these icebergs is two orders of magnitude less than the under-water area of the Antarctic ice shelves. The annual total iceberg melting and its effect on the water masses over the continental shelf has been calculated from ocean-water temperature variations at 200 m depth and estimated melt rates. This turns out to be an order of magnitude less than the annual effect of melting sea ice. The iceberg data considered here are probably under-represented with respect to the smallest sizes, and they do not include icebergs that have become <10 m. Inclusion of these ice bodies would increase the total melt.
Keywords: Sørishavet; glasiologi

Motortankskipenes inntog. En komparasjon av utviklingen i dansk, norsk og svensk skipsbyggingsindustri, ca. 1912 til 1933 - Basberg, Bjørn L (Sjøfartshistorisk årbok : Norwegian yearbook of maritime history, 1986)
Keywords: Sørishavet; historie; hvalbåter; hvalfangstindustri; pelagisk; skipsbyggerier; skipsfart

Botany of two Antarctic mountain ranges: Gjelsvikfjella and Mühlig-Hofmannfjella, Dronning Maud Land. I. General ecology and development of the Antarctic cold desert cryptogam formation - Engelskjøn, Torstein (Polar Research, 1986)
Keywords: Dronning Maud Land; NARE 1984/85; botanikk; ekspedisjoner; forskning; planter

Genetic variation of Euphausia superba Dana in the Antarctic Peninsula waters - Fevolden, Svein Erik (Sarsia, 1986)
Nine samples of Antarctic krill collected at seven localities in the Palmer Archipelago and Bransfield Strait west of the Antarctic Peninsula were analysed for genetic variation at eight enzyme loci. Despite significant among sample heterogeneity in allele frequencies, no convincing evidence was found to support the hypothesis of distinct genetic stocks of Euphausia superba in the investigated area. Allele frequency distributions could not be correlated to regional differences in size patterns. Allelic proportions at the PGI locus did not indicate that the investigated krill was genetically different from E. superba from the Weddell Sea region (from earlier investigations). Deviations of genotypes, or allele frequencies from those expected under Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, however, may indicate regional, or yearly variation due to occasional selection.
Keywords: Sørishavet; Weddellhavet; genetikk; krill; plankton

A quantitative analysis of the behaviour of the Chinstrap penguin Pygoscelis antarctica and Macaroni penguin Eudyptes chrysolophus on Bouvetoya during the late incubation and early nestling periods - Haftorn, Svein (Polar Research, 1986)
Keywords: Bouvetøya; ekspedisjoner; pingviner; zoologi

Proteases of Antarctic krill—a new system for effective enzymatic debridement of necrotic ulcerations - Hellgren, L.; Mohr, Viggo; Vincent, J. (Experientia, 1986)
The Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) possesses an ‘over-dimensioned’ digestive system, which is of vital importance for the survival of this euphaucean shrimp in the extreme marine environment. The isolated enzymes contain a well-balanced mixture of both endo- and exopeptidases, assuring fast and complete breakdown of proteinaceous material. These unique properties have now been shown to be extremely valuable for the effective removal of necrotic debris, fibrin or blood crusts in vitro. Therefore the krill enzymes should be considered as an important resource in the future management of necrotic wounds.
Keywords: Sørishavet; biokjemi; krill; marin biologi; medisin; plankton

Antarctic ozone depletion: 2-D model studies - Isaksen, Ivar S. A.; Stordal, Frode (Geophysical Research Letters, 1986)
Antarctic ozone depletion is estimated in a 2-D global model as a result of increase in chlorine levels from 1 ppb to 2.7 ppb and an increase in bromine levels from 15 ppt to 30 ppt. The adopted increase is assumed to be the anthropogenic influence on the stratospheric concentrations of chlorine and bromine species in 1985. Heterogeneous formation of ClO from the reaction between ClONO2 and HCl is included in the calculations, hypothesizing this is the dominant reaction path for chlorinated species on particle surfaces. A total ozone depletion as high as 14-20% may have occurred during the month of October at 80°S when maximum depletion is obtained. Both the magnitude and the time period when the maximum depletion occurs, agree with observed depletion over the last 8 years.
Keywords: Antarktis; geofysikk; meteorologi; ozonhull; ozonlaget

Geophysical evidence for the East Antarctic plate boundary in the Weddell Sea - Kristoffersen, Yngve; Haugland, Kristen (Nature, 1986)
An improved Gondwanaland reconstruction compatible with geological and geophysical information from the surrounding oceans and continents seems to require microplates to solve the enigmatic pre-early-Mesozoic tectonic relation between West and East Antarctica1. New multi-channel seismic reflection data from the southeastern Weddell Sea acquired during the 1984–85 Norwegian Antarctic Research Expedition (NARE) have outlined a linear WSW–ENE-trending basement ridge buried below the continental slope over a distance of 700 km. This structural high truncates the trend of the large sedimentary basins below the Filchner and Ronne ice shelves and may continue to within a few hundred kilometres of the Antarctic Penninsula. We interpret the basement ridge as part of the East Antarctic plate boundary during the break-up of Gondwana. The morphology and structure of this boundary show greater apparent similarity to a rifted or obliquely rifted margin than to the sheared margin which is predicted by current reconstructions2,3. A linear East Antarctic plate margin extending to the vicinity of the Antarctic Peninsula makes any post-rift micro-plate motion in the Weddell Embayment unlikely.
Keywords: Antarktis; NARE 1984/85; Weddellhavet; geofysikk; geologi; tektonikk

Hydrolysis of proteins by peptide hydrolases of Antarctic krill, Euphausia superba - Osnes, Knut Kristian; Ellingsen, Trond E.; Mohr, Viggo (Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part B: Comparative Biochemistry, 1986)
1. The hydrolysis of casein by peptide hydrolases of Antarctic krill, E. superba, has been 2. The peptide hydrolases studied included trypsin-like enzymes, carboxypeptidase A-type of enzymes, carboxypeptidase B-type of enzymes, and an aminopeptidase isolated from Antarctic krill. 3. The trypsin-like enzymes seemed to play a decisive role in the degradation of casein, whereas the carboxypeptidase A, carboxypeptidase B and the aminopeptidase had limited effect when acting on casein alone. When combined with the trypsin-like enzymes, the exopeptidases effected enhanced release of amino acids from the protein. 4. Based on the pattern of amino acids relased from casein by a crude extract of krill, and by the isolated peptide hydrolases either alone or in combination, it is concluded that the purified peptide hydrolases examined comprise the major enzymes responsible for the autoproteolytic activity of krill at neutral- to weakly alkaline pH.
Keywords: Bouvetøya; NARE 1976/77; NARE 1978/79; Sørishavet; biokjemi; krill; marin biologi; plankton

On the purification and characterization of exopeptidases from Antarctic krill, Euphausia superba - Osnes, Knut Kristian; Mohr, Viggo (Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part B: Comparative Biochemistry, 1986)
1. Two carboxypeptidase-A type of enzymes and two carboxypeptidase-B type of enzymes effecting hydrolysis of Hipp-l-Phe and Hipp-l-Arg respectively, have been purified from E. superba using gel filtration, affinity chromatography and FPLC-anion exchange chromatography. In addition an aminopeptidase has been partly purified. 2. The carboxypeptidases had mol. wts of 27,000 (carboxypeptidase A) and 31,000 (carboxypeptidase B). 3. Carboxypeptidase A exhibited a broad pH optimum with a maximum at pH 5.5–6.5, whereas carboxypeptidase B had a more narrow pH-optimum with a maximum at pH 7. The aminopeptidase had an optimum at about pH 8.7. 4. The carboxypeptidases were inhibited by the chelating agent 1,10-phenanthroline.
Keywords: Bouvetøya; NARE 1976/77; NARE 1978/79; Sørishavet; biokjemi; krill; marin biologi; plankton

Lichens and lichen parasites from the British-Swedish-Norwegian antarctic expedition 1949-52 to Dronning Maud Land - Øvstedal, Dag Olav (Cryptogamie: bryologie, lichenologie, 1986)
Keywords: Dronning Maud Land; botanikk; ekspedisjoner; lav; parasitter; planter

Photoadaptation in Antarctic phytopfankton: variations in growth rate, chemical composition and P versus I curves - Sakshaug, Egil; Holm-Hansen, Osmund (Journal of Plankton Research, 1986)
The response of phytoplankton to variations in the light regime was studied during the VULCAN and ACDA cruises in the Antarctic. Unenriched batch cultures of 12–19 days' duration reached chl concentrations of 10–50 μg−1 and exhibited exponential growth rates, with the maximal rate being 0.41 doubl, day−1. Ice edge algae exhibited maximum growth rates at photon flux densities (PFD) of 30–100 μE m−2S−1 and the growth rate was reduced by about 30% at 500–1000 μE m−2S−1 The chl/C ratio ranged between 0.004 and 0.018, with the lowest ratios at PFDs above 500 μE m−2S−1 chl/C ratios were also below maximum at PFDs below 40–50 μE m−2S−1 The C:N:P ratios were close to the Redfield ratios; the Si/C ratio averaged 0.16 (atoms), and the ATP/C ratio averaged from 0.0024 to 0.0050 in different culture senes. When thawed after having been frozen for 10 days, shade-adapted cultures were in a much better condition than sun-adapted ones. P versus I data showed that the maximum assimilation number varied from 0.75 to 4.4 μg C (μg chl)−1h−1. It varied inversely with the chl/C ratio; therefore the maximum carbon turnover rate varied little between samples (0.024/0.035 h−1). Low biomass communities exhibited relatively high values for α (the initial slope of P versus I curves), low values for 1sat (160–330 μE m−2S−1), and they were susceptible to photoinhibition. In contrast, communities dominated by Odontella weissflogii exhibited low values for α, a high value for Isat (560 μE m−2S−1 and they tolerated high PFDs. The photo-adaptational status of the phytoplankton in natural water samples is discussed relative to the profile of water column stability and mixing processes.
Keywords: Sørishavet; alger; biokjemi; fytoplankton; marin biologi; oseanografi; planteplankton

Ecology of Cryptopygus sverdrupi (Insecta: Collembola) from Dronning Maud Land, Antarctica - Sømme, Lauritz (Polar Biology, 1986)
Observations on the ecology of Cryptopygus sverdrupi Lawrence (Collembola, Isotomidae) were made with specimens from the Mühlig-Hofmannfjella, Dronning Maud Land, Antarctica. At an elevation of 1600 m a.s.l. the species was numerous in association with the green alga Prasiola on gravel fields and in crevices of large boulders. The distribution of size-classes in field samples suggested that the population comprised several overlapping generations. Growth and development is probably very slow due to long winters and daily periods of subzero temperatures in their microhabitat during the summer. Specimens collected in mid-January had a mean supercooling point of-24.6°C with small individual variations. The lack of high supercooling points in the summer suggests that the springtails feed on a nuleatorfree diet. The ability to supercool was increased during prolonged starvation and acclimation at 0,-4 and-8°C. Glycerol and other potential low molecular weight cryoprotective substances were demonstrated in specimens acclimated at-4 and-8°C. The species possessed a relatively high tolerance to desiccation.
Keywords: Dronning Maud Land; entomologi; kuldetoleranse; leddyr; zoologi; økologi

New records of terrestrial arthropods from Dronning Maud Land, Antarctica - Sømme, Lauritz (Polar Research, 1986)
Keywords: Dronning Maud Land; ekspedisjoner; entomologi; forskning; leddyr; zoologi

Terrestrial arthropods of Bouvetøya - Sømme, Lauritz (Polar Research, 1986)
Keywords: Bouvetøya; ekspedisjoner; forskning; midder; miter; virvelløse dyr

Suksess i syd: utvidet forskning i Antarktis (Forsvarets forum, 1985)
Keywords: Antarktis; Bouvetøya; Sørishavet; ekspedisjoner; forskning; logistikk

Aleksandr Stepanovich Kuchin: the Russian who went south with Amundsen - Barr, William (Polar Record, 1985)
Aleksandr Stepanovich Kuchin (1888–1912) was already an experienced mariner and oceanographer when Amundsen invited him to join the Fram expedition of 1910–12. Expecting a voyage through the Barents Sea, Kuchin found himself on an expedition to the Antarctic. While Amundsen's sledging parties sought the South Pole, Kuchin remained with the ship, completing an excellent oceanographic survey of the southern Atlantic Ocean. Returning to Russia in 1912 he was recruited, by the geologist and explorer V. A. Rusinov to join a scientific expedition to Svalbard. As deputy leader of the party and captain of Gerkules, the expedition ship, Kuchin played an important role in the Svalbard survey. Then once again found himself heading in an unexpected direction: on completing the Svalbard work, Rusanov decided to attempt the Northern Sea Route to the Bering Strait. Gerkules disappeared and was never seen again; her loss, presumably in the Kara Sea, brought to an untimely end the career of a promising young polar explorer.
Keywords: Roald Amundsen; Sydpolsekspedisjonen; Sørishavet; biografier; oseanografi; polarområdene

Technological transformation in the Norwegian whaling industry in the interwar period - Basberg, Bjørn L (Scandinavian Economic History Review, 1985)
Inventions, innovations and technological changes in the broadest sense are often treated as an independent process and are not subjected to any detailed attempts at explanation. It is scarcely anything exceptional, for example, that Sigurd Risting, the first historian of the whaling industry in Norway, explains the development of whaling as follows: Thus there has been a large stock of finback whales along the coast of Norway for hundreds of years without their having been an object of regular profitable hunting. The reason for this has been nothing more than lack of tackle and methods capable of making hunting possible. The moment these become available, whaling as a rational business will arise by itself out of natural necessity, so to speak." Bjern L. Basberg, b. 1952, is a research fellow in economic history at the Norwegian School of Economic and Business Administration. The article is based on a thesis of 1980 titled: Innovasjons-teori, patenter og teknologisk utvikling i norsk hvalfangst ca. 1860-1968.
Keywords: Norge; Sørishavet; hvalfangst; pelagisk; teknologi; økonomi

Oceanographic conditions on the Weddell Sea Shelf during the German Antarctic Expedition 1979/80 - Foldvik, Arne; Gammelsrød, Tor; Slotsvik, Noralf; Tørresen, Tor (Polar Research, 1985)
Keywords: Sørishavet; Weddellhavet; ekspedisjoner; hydrografi; isshelf; oseanografi

Hydrographic observations from the Weddell Sea during the Norwegian Antarctic Research Expedition 1976/77 - Foldvik, Arne; Gammelsrød, Tor; Tørresen, Tor (Polar Research, 1985)
Keywords: Sørishavet; Weddellhavet; hydrografi; kontinentalsokkel; observasjoner

Physical oceanography studies in the Weddell Sea during the Norwegian Antarctic Research Expedition 1978/79 - Foldvik, Arne; Gammelsrød, Tor; Tørresen, Tor (Polar Research, 1985)
Keywords: Sørishavet; Weddellhavet; havstrømmer; hydrografi; isshelf; oseanografi

Seismic investigations in the Weddell Sea Embayment - Haugland, Kristen; Kristoffersen, Yngve; Velde, Anders (Tectonophysics, 1985)
Keywords: Antarktis; NARE 1976/77; NARE 1978/79; Weddellhavet; ekspedisjoner; seismologi

På ekspedisjon til Sørpolen - Moberg, John (Norsk barneblad, 1985)
Keywords: Antarktis; Bouvetøya; Dronning Maud Land; ekspedisjoner; geofysikk; glasiologi; teknologi

On the purification and characterization of three anionic, serine-type peptide hydrolases from antarctic krill, Euphausia Superba - Osnes, Knut Kristian; Mohr, Viggo (Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part B: Comparative Biochemistry, 1985)
1. Three enzymes effecting hydrolysis of TAME have been purified from E. superba using gel filtration, affinity chromatography and FPLC-anion exchange chromatography. 2. The enzymes had molecular weights of 30,000 (Enzyme I), and 31,000 (Enzymes II and III), respectively, as estimated from SDS-PAGE. 3. pH-optima of about 8.2 were observed for all three enzymes. 4. The enzymes were inhibited by phenyl methyl sulphonyl fluoride (PMSF), tosyl lysyl chloromethyl ketone (TLCK) and soybean trypsin inhibitor (SBTI), whereas tosyl phenyl chloromethyl ketone (TPCK) had no effect on the activity. 5. The enzymes were stable at neutral pH, and only slowly inactivated at highly alkaline pH. Low pH rapidly inactivated all three enzymes. 6. Enzyme I liberated amino acids from casein, whereas Enzymes II and III did not; the latter two being true endopeptidases which effected enhanced amino acid production from casein when mixed with Enzyme I.
Keywords: Bouvetøya; NARE 1976/77; NARE 1978/79; Sørishavet; biokjemi; krill; marin biologi; plankton

Peptide hydrolases of Antartic krill, Euphausia superba - Osnes, Knut Kristian; Mohr, Viggo (Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part B: Comparative Biochemistry, 1985)
1. A survey has been made of the peptide hydrolase activities occurring in Antarctic krill, Euphausia superba. 2. A major protein hydrolyzing activity in the pH range of 6–8, and a minor activity at pH 3–4, were detected. 3. Temperature optima of approx. 50°C and 35–40°C, respectively were determined for the neutral and acid peptide hydrolases. 4. Trypsin-like activity, as well as carboxypeptidase A-, carboxypeptidase B-, and aminopeptidase activity were detected in extracts of krill. 5. Considerable variation in total hydrolase activity was observed in different catches of E. superba obtained from the same area. 6. The pattern of release of amino acids during autolytic breakdown of krill proteins was very similar in catches of krill exhibiting considerable differences with respect to total peptide hydrolase activity.
Keywords: Bouvetøya; NARE 1976/77; NARE 1978/79; Sørishavet; biokjemi; krill; marin biologi; plankton

The distribution of lipid in the tissues of Antarctic krill, Euphausia superba - Saether, Olav; Ellingsen, Trond E.; Mohr, Viggo (Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part B: Comparative Biochemistry, 1985)
1. The distribution of lipid in the tissues of Euphausia superba has been examined by histological and chemical methods. 2. The total lipid content of krill from different catches may vary considerably, and the variations are probably due both to differences in nutritional status and maturity of the roe of female krill. 3. Female krill contained about twice as much lipid as male krill from the same haul. 4. The roe is the dominating lipid depot in female krill; in both male and female krill lipid-rich areas are found along the digestive tract, between muscle bundles and beneath the exoskeleton. 5. Both the phosphoglyceride- and triacylglycerol content of body fractions of E. superba varied in proportion to the total lipid content, thus supporting the contention that both phosphoglycerides and triacylglycerols serve as depot lipids in this species of krill.
Keywords: Sørishavet; biokjemi; krill; marin biologi; plankton

Resting spore formation in the antarctic diatoms Coscinodiscus furcatus Karsten and Thalassiosira australis Peragallo - Syvertsen, Erik E. (Polar Biology, 1985)
The resting spore morphology of the antarctic diatoms Coscinodiscus furcatus Karsten and Thalassiosira australis Peragallo are described. Both species form endogenous resting spores. The spore valve of C. furcatus differ from those of the vegetative cells primarily by (i) a greater convexity and (ii) a coarser and more distinctly fasciculated areolation. This resting spore is identical to the diatom traditionally identified as C. stellaris var. symbolophorus (Grunow) Jørgensen in the Antarctic. The resting spore of T. australis differs from the vegetative cells by (i) a lack of clusters of strutted processes in a modified ring on valve face, (ii) a coarser areolation and tangential rows of areolae and (iii) a narrower and more simply structured girdle. The resting spore valve of T. australis has been described as belonging to a separate species, Actinocyclus excentricus Peragallo.
Keywords: Sørishavet; diatomeer; marinbiologi

Snorre til Sydpolen: 38 dager på isen (Status (Statoil), 1984)
Keywords: Dronning Maud Land; ekspedisjoner; geologi

Size Frequency Pattern of Euphausia Superba in the Antarctic Peninsula Waters in the Austral Summer of 1983 - Fevolden, Svein Erik; George, Robert Y. (Journal of Crustacean Biology, 1984)
In the austral summer of 1983, schools of krill from Bransfield Strait and Palmer Archipelago were analyzed for composition in terms of size frequencies and maturity stages. Juveniles dominated in all schools, and mature animals never exceeded 6.8% of the animals at any sampling site. Gravid females were encountered in only four out of 15 schools and were never more frequent than 1.8% of the animals in any school. Among subadults and juveniles the largest animals were found on the inside of Palmer Archipelago. Smaller nonreproductive animals were on the outside and in Bransfield Strait. A second group of juveniles, in a size range of 12-15 mm, was more pronounced north of Crocker Passage than south of the Passage. Their potential origin from a more slowly growing and later spawning Southern Weddell Sea population is discussed. Lack of reproductive animals in the Bransfield/South Shetlands vicinity may reflect yearly variation in this region. A hypothesis is put forward on the basis of this study that Palmer Archipelago is a nursery ground for krill spawned elsewhere. The sites of origin of this krill could be ascertained on the basis of studies of enzyme polymorphism in these populations.
Keywords: Sørishavet; Weddellhavet; krepsdyr; krill; marin biologi; plankton

Marine and non-marine contribution to the chemical composition of snow at the Riiser-Larsenisen Ice Shelf in Antarctica - Gjessing, Yngvar (Atmospheric Environment (1967), 1984)
The distribution with depth of seven different ions in three snow profiles, 1, 60 and 120km from the coast on Riiser-Larsenisen Ice Shelf (72° 30′ S, 15°E) shows a close co-variation between ions of marine origin and non-correlation between these ions and ions of presumptively non-marine origin. The deposition rates of ions of marine origin vary as 50:1 over some 120 km distance from the coast. The SO42−Na+ ratio in snow near the coast is lower than for bulk sea water indicating a loss of SO42− in snow to the atmosphere by volatilization.
Keywords: Dronning Maud Land; geofysikk; geokjemi; isshelf; meteorologi

Ti nye år: Vestfold Historielag 60 år - Thoresen, Per (Vestfoldminne, 1984)
Keywords: Sørishavet; hvalfangst; kulturhistorie; pelagisk

Hvorfor gikk det så greitt? Om nedleggelsen av hvalfangstnæringen i Vestfold - Vik, Kjell (Vestfoldminne, 1984)
Keywords: Sørishavet; Vestfold; historie; hvalfangere; hvalfangstindustri; hvalindustri; næring; pelagisk; sjøfolk; økonomi

The antarctic diatoms Thalassiosira dichotomica (Kozlova) comb. nov. and T. ambigua kozlova - Fryxell, Greta A.; Hasle, Grethe Rytter (Polar Biology, 1983)
Two small antarctic diatoms, usually missed by traditional collection methods, have been studied in light and electron microscopes. Porosira dichotomica has been transferred to Thalassiosira since its valve structure and process pattern agree better with that genus. T. dichotomica is unusual in that some lines of areola walls are extended, sail-like, out from the valve, supporting Kozlova's original drawings. T. ambigua, the smaller of the two, has many similarities in structure with T. dichotomica, but has granules on the margin, lacks the sail-like structures on the valve, and has minor differences in processes and areola size. Bands stay together in T. ambigua and show more fine structure than many species in the genus.
Keywords: Sørishavet; diatomeer; marin biologi; oseanografi

Iceberg calving and deterioration in Antarctica - Kristensen, Monica (Progress in Physical Geography: Earth and Environment, 1983)
Keywords: Antarktis; glasiologi; innlandsis; isbreer; isbrem; kalving

Some lichens from Vestfjella, Dronning Mauds Land, Antarctis - Øvstedal, Dag Olav (Cryptogamie. Bryologie, lichénologie, 1983)
Keywords: Dronning Maud Land; botanikk; lav; planter

The response of Antarctic icebergs to ocean waves - Wadhams, Peter; Kristensen, Monica; Orheim, Olav (Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 1983)
The heave, tilt, and strain responses of three Antarctic tabular icebergs to ocean waves were measured during a 1980–1981 cruise of HMS Endurance to the South Atlantic. The three icebergs, located near the South Sandwich and South Orkney islands, were instrumented with accelerometers, tiltmeters, and wire strainmeters, while a Waverider buoy was used to record the ocean wave field. The thickness of the icebergs was surveyed by a helicopter-borne radio echo sounder. The heave response occurred mainly at the swell period but with outbreaks of bobbing which lasted for a few cycles at a resonant period (about 40 s), which agreed well with the predictions of a numerical finite element model. The roll response occurred mainly at a long resonant period (40–50 s), which again agreed well with the model, but there was also a significant response at ocean wave periods (5–20 s), which exceeded predictions. The strain response had a component at very long periods, which is unexplained by theory, while the surface strain at ocean wave periods agreed with the simple analytical model of Goodman et al. (1980). Using this model it is possible to predict a wave height and period that will cause breakup of the icebergs, and we conclude that swell-induced breakup is likely to occur during major storms in the open southern ocean.
Keywords: Sør-Orknøyene; Sørishavet; brehylle; geofysikk; glasiologi; havbølger; isberg; isbreer; isbrem; isfjell; isshelf; oseanografi

Technological change in the Norwegian whaling industry: A case-study in the use of patent-statistics as a technology indicator - Basberg, Bjørn L (Research Policy, 1982)
This paper presents an example of the use of patent statistics as a technology indicator in one industry. The first part deals with the problem of interpretation. Through examination of several other partial technology indicators, it is concluded that at least in this industry, patent statistics provide a reliable indicator, not only for the timing of inventions, but for the timing of innovations and diffusion as well. The reason is that the intervals between the stages in the innovation process are very short. This contradicts evidence from many other industries, and it is therefore emphasized that generalizations are unwarranted. The second part of this paper deals with the possible causes of technological change in Norwegian whaling. The methodology is inspired by J. Schmookler's work. Thus, the patents are correlated with other indicators of economic development in the industry. But while Schmookler's view is that the patent activity is determined by social demand and economic growth, the conclusions for the Norwegian whaling industry point in the opposite direction: the technological transformation that took place during the 1920s and early 1930s was forced upon the firms in their efforts to cut costs, which was achieved by rationalizing production and catching methods in line with a downward price trend for whale oil.
Keywords: Norge; Sørishavet; hvalfangst; pelagisk; teknologi; økonomi

Cold Hardiness of Terrestrial Mites at Signy Island, Maritime Antarctic - Block, William; Sømme, Lauritz (Oikos, 1982)
The cold hardiness of four species was studied in respect of supercooling ability, cryoprotective substances, chill-coma temperatures and survival under anaerobiosis. The effects of low temperature acclimation and starvation on cold hardiness were examined experimentally. (2) Mean supercooling points of field animals ranged from -6.1° to -28.8°C during Jan-Mar 1980. In Nanorchestes antarcticus (Strandtmann) and Alaskozetes antarcticus (Michael), a bimodal distribution of individual supercooling points occurred with the low group (LG) consisting of animals without gut nucleators. In Stereotydeus villosus (Trouessart) and Gamasellus racovitzai (Trouessart) only a high group (HG) was present in the supercooling-point distributions. (3) In all species, except the predatory G. racovitzai, starvation combined with low temperature exposure for various time periods lowered the mean supercooling point. This was associated with increased concentrations of glycerol in the body fluid. Glucose, ribitol and mannitol together with straight chain hydrocarbons were also detected in the extracts by GLC techniques. (4) Chill-coma temperatures varied from -4.5° to -8.0°C. (5) Under anoxia at 0°C, survival of A. antarcticus was greater than that of G. racovitzai, with the later nymphal stages being slightly more resistant than adults.
Keywords: Antarktis; Sør-Orknøyene; entomologi; kuldetoleranse; midder; miter; virvelløse dyr

Hvalbåten gjennom 100 år - Devig, Thor N (Vestfoldminne, 1982)
Keywords: Norge; Sørishavet; Vestfold; båter; hvalfangere; hvalfangstindustri; hvalindustri; lokalhistorie

Petrology and geochemistry of Jurassic basalt dykes from Vestfjella, Dronning Maud Land, Antarctica - Furnes, Herald; Neumann, Else-Ragnhild; Sundvoll, Bjørn (Lithos, 1982)
Mineral and whole rocks analyses of 12 Jurassic basalt dykes from Vestfjella, Dronning Maud Land, Antarctica, are presented, and their genesis discussed. On the basis of major oxides and norms the basalts may be classified as olivine and quartz tholeiites. Plotted in the Plag Cpx (Opx + 4Q) and Ol Plag Q projections, the compositions are most compatible with fractional crystallization of olivine, clinopyroxene and plagioclase from a basalt liquid at very low pressure. The ratios between strongly incompatible elements such as Rb, Cs, Zr, Hf, Ta and Th vary considerably, and petrographic mixing calculations give poor fits with respect to Rb, Cs, Ta, Th and light REE. Initial 87Sr/86 Sr ratios range between 0.70347 and 0.70687, and show no correlation with Rb/Sr or any other SIE ratios. The trace element and Sr isotope data thus do not suggest any simple cogenetic petrogenetic model. It is concluded that the basalt melts most plausibly have been contaminated by, or mixed with anatectic melts of crustal material, rather than reflecting mantle heterogeneity.
Keywords: Dronning Maud Land; geokjemi; geologi; petrologi

Nye fossile virveldyr fra Antarktis - Heintz, Natascha (Naturen, 1982)
Keywords: Antarktis; fossiler; paleontologi

Tabular icebergs in ocean waves - Kristensen, Monica; Squire, Vernon A; Moore, Stuart C (Nature, 1982)
Keywords: Antarktis; bølger; ekspedisjoner; glasiologi; havet; isbreer

A microearthquake survey of Bouvet Island, South Atlantic - Kristoffersen, Yngve; Bungum, Hilmar (Tectonophysics, 1982)
A microearthquake survey carried out during the 1978–1979 Norwegian Antarctic Research Expedition indicates that only minor seismic activity is associated with the Bouvet volcano.
Keywords: Bouvetøya; NARE 1978/79; geofysikk; seismologi; vulkaner

Mercury and persistent chlorinated hydrocarbons in antarctic birds from bouvetøya and dronning maud land - Norheim, Gunnar; Sømme, Lauritz; Holt, Gunnar (Environmental Pollution Series A, Ecological and Biological, 1982)
The concentrations of DDE, PCB, hexachlorobenzene (HCB) and mercury were determined in samples from chinstrap penguin Pygoscelis antarctica, macaroni penguin Eudyptes chrysolophus, snow petrel Pagodroma nivea, Cape pigeon Daption capense, southern fulmar Fulmarus glacialoides, south polar skua Catharacta maccormicki and brown skua Catharacta lonnbergi. The birds were taken in central parts of Vestjella in Dronning Maud Land in February 1977 and at Bouvetøya in the South Atlantic in February 1977 and January 1979. Low levels of DDE, PCB and HCB were found in the two species of penguins, snow petrel, Cape pigeon and southern fulmar, while significantly higher levels were found in south polar and brown skua. The lowest mercury levels were found in the two penguin species and snow petrel. Cape pigeon, southern fulmar and south polar skua form an intermediate group, while the highest mercury levels were found in brown skua. It is assumed that there is a connection between the present findings and the migration pattern of the different birds. The results seem to be in agreement with previous investigations.
Keywords: Bouvetøya; Dronning Maud Land; forurensning; fugler; miljøgifter; ornitologi; økologi

Basic volcanic rocks and tectonic setting. A discussion of the Zr-Ti-Y discrimination diagram and its suitability for classification purposes - Prestvik, Tore (Lithos, 1982)
Keywords: Bouvetøya; forskning; geologi; tektonikk; vulkaner

Krill: mat i mengder i Sørishavet - Sakshaug, Egil (Syn og segn, 1982)
Keywords: Sørishavet; krill; marinbiologi

Supercooling and winter survival in terrestrial arthropods - Sømme, Lauritz (Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Physiology, 1982)
Keywords: Antarktis; ekspedisjoner; forskning; kuldetoleranse; virvelløse dyr

Cold Hardiness of Collembola at Signy Island, Maritime Antarctic - Sømme, Lauritz; Block, William (Oikos, 1982)
The cold hardiness of two Antarctic species of Collembola, Cryptopygus antarcticus Willem and Parisotoma octooculata (Willem), was studied in field fresh, starved and low temperature acclimated specimens at Signy Island, in the South Orkney Islands. Supercooling points of both species clearly fell in a high group (HG) and a low group (LG) with a division at ca. -15°C. Field fresh specimens mainly had HG supercooling points, while starvation at 5° and 15°C greatly increased the number of LG animals. Further evidence of the relation between supercooling and feeding status was obtained in C. antarcticus. Specimens fed moss turf homogenate almost entirely returned to HG supercooling points, indicating the presence of efficient nucleators in this substrate. In specimens fed purified green algae a high proportion of LG supercooling points was retained, which suggests a lack of nucleators in this kind of food. Increased ability of LG specimens to supercool was demonstrated in C. antarcticus following acclimation at -5°C, and in P. octooculata at 0°C. In C. antarcticus an increase in concentrations of cryoprotective substances took place at -5°C concurrent with the lowering of the mean supercooling point. The main substances of the multicomponent cryoprotectant system of this species were trehalose, mannitol and glycerol. Chill-coma temperatures of specimens collected in the field differed in C. antarcticus and P. octooculata with mean values of -8.3° and -4.8°C, respectively. P. octooculata was less resistant to anaerobic conditions than C. antarcticus. All specimens of the former species were killed within 8 d in nitrogen at 0°C, while ca. 30% of C. antarcticus specimens survived after 28 d.
Keywords: Antarktis; Sør-Orknøyene; entomologi; kuldetoleranse; leddyr; virvelløse dyr

Evidence for a late Wisconsin glaciation of the Weddell Sea - Elverhøi, Anders (Nature, 1981)
Keywords: Sørishavet; Weddellhavet; forskning; glasiologi; sedimentologi; stratigrafi

Glaciomarine sediments and suspended particulate matter, Weddell sea, Antarctica (abstract only) - Elverhøi, Anders; Roaldset, Elen (Annals of Glaciology, 1981)
Samples of glaciomarine sediments and suspended particulate matter filtered from sea-water were collected in the Weddell Sea during the Norwegian Antarctic Research Expedition (NARE) in 1978–79. Analyses have provided information on the textural and mineralogical composition of shelf sediments, on the nature of biogenic and inorganic suspended particulate matter, and on the total sediment transport to the shelf areas and further into the deeper waters (). The shelf waters contain 0.1 to 1.2 g m–3 of suspended particulate matter, which is close to the range of 0.5 to 1.5 g m–3 reported for suspension concentrations in the oceans, but considerably lower than that found for some other glaciomarine environments such as the Bering Sea {up to 13-15 g m–3 ()) and off Kongsbreen, Spitsbergen {up to 500 g m–3 ()). Suspended particles from the Weddell Sea have maximum sizes of 50 to 70 µm and mean diameters in the range of 10 to 20 µm. In contrast, the bottom sediments on the outer shelf are deficient in the corresponding fractions. This reflects that when floating Antarctic ice supplies material to the Weddell Sea, the coarser fragments (>20-70 µm) are deposited, while the medium silt and finer fractions go into suspension. Considering the suspended-load data and the bottom-current measurements on the shelf break, it is evident that in January 1979 an average of 8.6 × 104tonnes d–1 (or 32 × 106 tonnes a–l) of particulate matter was transported by the current from the central Weddell Sea to the South Atlantic deep water. Morphological (scanning electron microscopy) and chemical analyses show the suspended material to be dominated by silica organisms (diatoms), and also to contain clastic grains of phyllosilicates, feldspar, quartz, zircon, in a few cases Al- and Fe-hydroxides/oxides also; authigenic “Fe-sepiolite” and secondary gypsum. Mineralogical analyses (X-ray diffraction) of the bottom sediments show the fine sand silt fractions to contain mainly clastic materials like illite, smectite-vermiculite, and quartz. Biogenic silica (cristobalite) and carbonate (Mg-calcite) as well as authigenic Fe-silicates (“Fe-sepiolite”) are also present.
Keywords: Sørishavet; glasiologi; sedimenter

Enzyme polymorphism in Antarctic krill (Euphausiacea); genetic variation between populations and species - Fevolden, Svein Erik; Ayala, Fransisco J. (Sarsia, 1981)
By means of enzyme electrophoretical assays three samples of Euphausia superba, all from the Atlantic sector of the Antarctic Ocean, were examined to see whether or not they represent genetically separated populations. The same samples were also compared with E. superba from off the Western coast of the Antarctic Peninsula, representing the Pacific sector. The latter animals have previously been studied by other authors. One sample of a second species of Antarctic krill, E. crystallorophias, was likewise examined. Thirty-five loci were studied in E. superba, and it is concluded that the three samples from the Atlantic sector most probably do not represent reproductively isolated populations. Their average heterozygosity, about 10%, is however greater than the value previously found for the ‘Pacific’ E. superba, 5.8 %. Calculations of the genetic identity and genetic distance between the Atlantic and ‘Pacific’ samples of E. superba suggest they represent separate populations. The average heterozygosity of E. crystallorophias was estimated to be between 9.1 and 9.4 %, from studies of 33 loci. The genetic distance between this species and E. superba was estimated at 0.989. The results are finally discussed in terms of postulated theories on genetic variability versus environmental heterogeneity.
Keywords: NARE 1976/77; NARE 1978/79; Sørishavet; genetikk; krill; marin biologi; plankton

Bacteriologigal characteristics of Antarctic krill (Crustacea, Euphausiacea) - Fevolden, Svein Erik; Eidså, Gudmunn (Sarsia, 1981)
The bacterial flora of two species of Antarctic krill, Euphausia superba Dana and E. crystallorophias Holt & Tattersall, was studied with the aim of investigating the role played by bacteria during the claimed rapid deterioration of these animals. The number of bacteria on fresh krill was characterized as low, but started to increase exponentially after a few days of storage at low temperatures. Dominant species were of the genera Moraxella, Pseudomonas, and Alteromonas. Comparing the low initial number of bacteria with the high autolytic activity it is suggested that the rapid degradation of krill during the first days of storage is induced by autolysis and not by bacterial activity.
Keywords: Sørishavet; biokjemi; krill; lyskreps; marin biologi; plankton

Hydrographic and current measurements in the southern Weddell Sea 1979/80 - Gammelsrød, Tor; Slotsvik, Noralf (Polarforschung, 1981)
During the 1979-1980 expediton with the icebreaker Polarsirkel we had an excellent opportunity to study the physical oceanography of the inner part of the Weddell Sea. The ship followed the ice shelf barrier from Cape Norwegia at about 15 °W, and due to favourable ice conditions, it was able to penetrate all the way to the Antarctic Peninsula (60 0W). In this preliminary report we give a review of the physical oceanography programme which mostly consists of hydrographic (CTD) stations near the barrier, and also sorne current and water level measurernents. The different water masses observed are described and the possibility for a tidal-drlvcn upwelling near the ice shelf barrier is indicated.
Keywords: AABW; Sørishavet; Weddellhavet; bunnvannet; havis; hydrografi; isshelf; oseanografi; sjøis; sjøvann; vannmasser

Morphology of the Weddell Sea and southwest Indian Ocean - Johnson, G Leonard; Vanney, Jean-René; Elverhøi, Anders; LaBrecque, John L (Deutsche Hydrografische Zeitschrift, 1981)
Keywords: Sørishavet; Weddellhavet; ekspedisjoner; forskning; geologi; havbunnen; tektonikk

Blåhvalen, kan de reddes? - Smelror, Morten (Naturen, 1981)
Keywords: Sørishavet; hvaler; hvalfangst

Cold tolerance of alpine, Arctic, and Antarctic Collembola and mites - Sømme, Lauritz (Cryobiology, 1981)
Because of their dominant role in the fauna of alpine, Arctic and Antarctic locations Collembola and mites are of particular interest regarding adaptations to low temperatures. No freezing-tolerant species have been found in these groups of terrestrial arthropods, and it appears that all species depend entirely on supercooling to survive the lower temperatures of their habitats. While summer animals have high supercooling points, an increase in supercooling ability occurs during autumn and early winter, and can be explained as a two-step process. Initially gut content has to be eliminated to avoid heterogeneous nucleation at high subzero temperatures due to foreign nucleating agents. Second, supercooling is further enhanced through accumulation of glycerol or other lowmolecular cryoprotective substances. Further studies are needed on the ability of such animals to avoid inoculative freezing in their microhabitats.
Keywords: Antarktis; entomologi; kuldetoleranse; midder; miter; virvelløse dyr; zoologi

Hvalfangerne forteller. Innsammlig av hvalfangstens tradisjonsmateriale i Vestfold - Wexelsen, Einar; Devig, Thor N (Vestfoldminne, 1981)
Keywords: Sørishavet; Vestfold; erindringer; historie; hvalfangere; hvalfangst; hvalfangstnæring; pelagisk

Krill off Bouvetøya and in the southern Weddell Sea with a description of larval stages of Euphausia crystallorophias - Fevolden, Svein Erik (Sarsia, 1980)
In the austral summer 1978/79 samples of krill were taken off Bouvetøya and in the southern Weddell Sea. Off Bouvetøya Euphausia superba Dana was the dominant species, but the population pattern indicates that the individuals found there were expatriates from other areas. For the first time larvae of E. superba were found in significant amounts in the southern Weddell Sea. Except from shallow water and the most southern position, they were equal in abundance to the larvae of E. crystallorophias Holt & Tattersall. Larval stages of the latter are described as is the successive spawning that takes place among the three species of krill found in the southern Weddell Sea.
Keywords: Bouvetøya; NARE 1978/79; Weddellhavet; dyreplankton; krill; plankton; zooplankton

Flow Around Icebergs - Foldvik, Arne; Gammelsrød, Tor; Gjessing, Yngvar (Annals of Glaciology, 1980)
Keywords: NARE 1978/79; Sørishavet; Weddellhavet; glasiologi; isberg; observasjoner; oseanografi; sjøvann

Terrestrial arthropods from Vestfjella, Dronning Maud Land (Acari, Collembola), with notes on their taxonomy - Sømme, Lauritz (Insect Systematics & Evolution, 1980)
Keywords: Dronning Maud Land; ekspedisjoner; entomologi; forskning; leddyr; zoologi

Some satellite tracked iceberg drifts in the Antarctic - Vinje, Torgny E (Annals of Glaciology, 1980)
Keywords: Sørishavet; drivis; havis; isberg; isdrift; isfjell; oseanografi; sjøis; vannmasser

Investigations on krill (Euphausiacea) sampled during the Norwegian Antarctic Research Expedition 1976–1977 - Fevolden, Svein Erik (Sarsia, 1979)
Krill was sampled in the Weddell Sea, farther south than ever before, and off Bouvet-öya. Five species were found: Euphausia superba, E. crystallorophias, E. frigida, E. triacantha, and Thysanoessa macrura. E. superba and E. crystallorophias were the most abundant species north and south of 74° S respectively. Length frequency analyses suggest that E. superba from the inner Weddell Sea takes three years to reach maturity. This population differed in several aspects from the populations farther north. E. crystallorophias and T. macrura were registered south to 77°45′ S, the southernmost localisation investigated. The material gives no clear evidence whether these species take one or two years to reach maturity. Their spawning activity seems to start earlier in the season than for E. superba. E. frigida and E. triacantha were only-found off Bouvetöya. Continuous echosounder recordings revealed that the total abundance of krill in the southern parts of the Weddell Sea was low, as was also the abundance on the route between the South Orkney Islands and Dronning Maud Land.
Keywords: Bouvetøya; Dronning Maud Land; NARE 1976/77; Sør-Orknøyene; Sørishavet; Weddellhavet; dyreplankton; krill; plankton; zooplankton

The genus Thalassiosira: species with internal extensions of the strutted processes - Fryxell, Greta A; Hasle, Grethe Rytter (Phycologia, 1979)
Keywords: Sørishavet; diatomeer; marinbiologi; oseanografi

Mesozoic palaeomagnetism in Vestfjella, Dronning Maud Land, East Antarctica - Løvlie, Reidar (Geophysical Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society, 1979)
Thermal and alternating field demagnetization of oriented samples of Mesozoic lava flows (200–230 Myr) and dykes (154–172 Myr) collected from seven nunataks within the Vestfjella region, Dronning Maud Land, revealed stable directions of magnetization of normal and reverse polarity. Directional distributions of both polarities define tight groups along the same palaeomagnetic axis. Depending on whether the regional westward dip of the lava flows originated prior to, or after the intrusive igneous phase, two or one, respectively, palaeomagnetic pole(s) can be estimated. Both poles, however, are in general accord with previous Mesozoic poles from East Antarctica.
Keywords: Dronning Maud Land; NARE 1976/77; geofysikk; geologi

Cold tolerance of two Antarctic terrestrial arthropods - Block, William; Young, Stephen R; Conradi-Larsen, Else-Margrete; Sømme, Lauritz (Experientia, 1978)
Two Antarctic arthropods,Alaskozetes antarcticus (Acari) andCryptopygus antarcticus (Collembola) possess the ability to supercool to −30°C, but the realisation of this potential is dependent on starvation. The mite contains glycerol in a concentration of about 1% fresh weight.
Keywords: Dronning Maud Land; entomologi; kuldetoleranse; leddyr; virvelløse dyr

Den norske Antarktis-ekspedisjonen 1976/77 - Orheim, Olav (Naturen, 1978)
Keywords: Antarktis; ekspedisjoner; forskning

Cold-Hardiness of Cryptopygus antarcticus (Collembola) from Bouvetøya - Sømme, Lauritz (Oikos, 1978)
Cryptopygus antarcticus Willem were extracted from samples of mosses collected at Bouvetøya during the Norwegian Antarctic Expedition in February 1977. The body length of the collembolans from these samples ranged from 225 to 1125 μm. The collembolans had average supercooling points between -24° and -26°C. Acclimation at -5°, 0° and 12°C for various time intervals had no significant effect on their ability to supercool. Glycerol was not found in specimens acclimated at -5° and 0°C. All specimens were killed by freezing at temperatures in the range of their supercooling points. Chill-coma temperatures of the collembolans were between -2° and -7°C.
Keywords: Bouvetøya; NARE 1976/77; kuldetoleranse; leddyr; virvelløse dyr; zoologi

Norge i Antarktis - Børde, Haakon (Samtiden: tidsskrift for politikk, litteratur og samfunnsspørsmål, 1977)
Keywords: Antarktis; Antarktistraktaten; Dronning Maud Land; historie; internasjonal; politikk

The geology and petrology of Bouvetøya, south Atlantic Ocean - Imsland, Pall; Larsen, Jørgen Gutzon; Prestvik, Tore; Sigmond, Ellen M (Lithos, 1977)
Keywords: Bouvetøya; forskning; geologi; petrologi

The biogeography of some marine planktonic diatoms - Hasle, Grethe Rytter (Deep Sea Research and Oceanographic Abstracts, 1976)
Keywords: Sørishavet; biogeografi; ekspedisjoner; forskning; fytoplankton; marinbiologi; plankton; planteplankton

Smia på Fevang - Thoresen, Per (Vestfoldminne, 1976)
Keywords: Nordmenn; Sørishavet; erindringer; hvalfangere; hvalfangst; pelagisk

Med Amundsen til Sudpolen. Dagbokblad - Bjaaland, Olav (Syn og segn, 1975)
Keywords: Antarktis; Roald Amundsen; Sydpolen; dagbok; ekspedisjoner; oppdagelsesreiser; polarområdene

Conditional instability of sea water at the freezing point - Foldvik, Arne; Kvinge, Thor (Deep Sea Research and Oceanographic Abstracts, 1974)
Keywords: AABW; Sørishavet; bunnvannet; havis; oseanografi; sjøis; sjøvann

The New Development in the Polar Regions - Sollie, Finn (Cooperation and Conflict, 1974)
Due to factors connected with modern technological developments and with the increasing global demand for new sources of raw materials, there is today a growing interest in the possibilities for economic exploitation of the polar regions. This makes for a new development in these regions; a development comprising and affecting such fields as science and technology as well as economy, transportation, military strategy and ecology. The present paper discusses this new development and its implications in an international perspective. Special attention is paid to the significance - in the physical/ geographical sense and otherwise - of the polar regions in the global context. A special section deals, on a general level, with 'the problem of the new territories', and the polar regions are discussed as new territories. Pointing out the risks and dangers inherent in the present and emerging developments, the author emphasizes the need for action, especially international cooperation, to meet and solve such problems. Cooperation may be facilitated through regular consultations between the states concerned, as is the case under the Antarctic Treaty. For the Arctic in particular, the author suggests a distinction between three basic zones (viz. the 'Central' the 'Intermediate' and the 'National' Arctic) as a possible point of departure for future discussion of measures of international cooperation.
Keywords: Antarktis; internasjonal politikk; polarområdene

Retrieval of current meters and study of thermohaline convection in the Weddell Sea - Bø, Redair; Foldvik, Arne; Kvinge, Thor (Antarctic Journal of the United States, 1973)
Keywords: Sørishavet; Weddellhavet; geofysikk; oseanografi

Innsjøer under isen i Antarktis - Fægri, Knut (Naturen, 1973)
Keywords: Antarktis; geofysikk; glasiologi

Moderne sydpolsproblemer - Hambro, Edvard (Samtiden, 1973)
Keywords: Antarktis; jus; politikk; økonomi

Bergens deltakelse i den moderne hvalfangst - Tønnessen, Johan Nicolay (Sjøfartshistorisk årbok : Norwegian yearbook of maritime history, 1973)
Keywords: Antarktis; Sørishavet; historie; hvalfangstindustri; hvalfangstselskaper; hvalindustri; skipsfart

Hvalfangstens historie - Tønnessen, Johan Nicolay; Solhaug, Trygve (Historisk tidsskrift, 1973)
Keywords: Sørishavet; bokanmeldelser; historie; hvalfangst; pelagisk

Bouvetøya proclaimed a nature reserve (Polar Record, 1972)
Keywords: Bouvetøya; lovgivning

Fossile virveldyr fra Antarktis - Heintz, Natascha (Naturen, 1972)
Keywords: Antarktis; paleontologi

Diurnal wind variations in Antarctica - Hisdal, Vidar (Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 1972)
For the three Antarctic ice shelf stations considered (Norway Station, Maudheim, and Halley Bay) it is shown that from spring to autumn a systematic diurnal variation of the mean vector wind at the surface exists. Different factors that may be responsible for this variation are discussed. The results seem to agree well with the assumption that in areas far from the ice front (the seaward edge of the ice shelf) the main cause is the larger net gain of momentum in the lowest layers during the middle of the day, while closer to the ice front there is an additional effect of the varying contrast between the air temperature over the sea and over the ice shelf.
Keywords: Antarktis; Dronning Maud Land; glasiologi; meteorologi

Joh. N. Tønnessen: Den moderne hvalfangst historie. Opprinelse og utvikling. Bind 2-4. Utgitt av Norges hvalfangstforbund, Sandefjord 1967, 1969, 1970. - Solhaug, Trygve (Historisk tidsskrift, 1972)
Keywords: Sørishavet; bokanmeldelser; historie; hvalfangst; pelagisk

Enorme rikdommer skjult i norsk Antarktis? - Fisksdal, Jan (Nå, 1971)
Keywords: Dronning Maud Land; ekspedisjoner; geologi; mineraler; ressurser

Inspections in Antarctica - Hanevold, Truls (Cooperation and Conflict, 1971)
Keywords: Antarktis; Antarktistraktaten; internasjonal; politikk; rett

The Antarctic Treaty consultative meetings : form and procedure - Hanevold, Truls (Cooperation and Conflict, 1971)
Keywords: Antarktis; Antarktistraktaten; forskning; internasjonal; politikk

Norge og Antarktis - Tønnessen, Johan Nicolay (Historisk tidsskrift, 1971)
Keywords: Antarktis; Dronning Maud Land; historie; litteratur

Diatoms: Cleaning and Mounting for Light and Electron Microscopy - Hasle, Grethe R; Fryxell, Greta A (Transactions of the American Microscopical Society, 1970)
Keywords: Sørishavet; Weddellhavet; diatomeer; marinbiologi; oseanografi

The political experiment in Antarctica - Sollie, Finn (Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, 1970)
General discussion of international cooperation in Antarctica. In special issue Antarctica since the IGY; international laboratory for science and diplomacy.
Keywords: Antarktis; Antarktistraktaten; internasjonal politikk; internasjonal rett; internasjonal samarbeid

"Cutty Shark" i hvalfangsten tjeneste - Berg, Knut (Årbok. Sandefjord bymuseum, 1969)
Keywords: Sørishavet; historie; hvalbåter; hvalfangere; hvalfangstindustri; hvalindustri; pelagisk; skip

"Forlandet" ex "Femern" ex "Foca" - Knap, Johan (Årbok. Sandefjord bymuseum, 1969)
Keywords: Sørishavet; historie; hvalbåter; hvalfangere; hvalfangstindustri; hvalindustri; pelagisk; skip

Arctic and Antarctic : current problems in the Polar region - Sollie, Finn (Cooperation and Conflict, 1969)
Keywords: Antarktis; Antarktistraktaten; internasjonal; politikk; rett

Norwegian Antarctic Expedition, 1968-69 - Winsnes, Thore S. (Antarctic Journal of the United States, 1969)
The aim of the Norwegian Antarctic Expedition was to carry out mapping, geological and glaciological investigations of the Kraul Mts. in western Queen Maud Land. The expedition received the assistance of the National Science Foundation in the provision of American equipment and arrangements for logistics. The six member expedition, equipped for 2 1/2 months of field operations was taken by LC-130 Hercules aircraft from McMurdo to the Kraul Mts. where on several sledge journeys, covering 800 km in all, the geology of the mountains was mapped, triangulations made and base measurements taken during Nov. 22, 1968 to Jan. 20, 1969. The geology of the Kraul Mts. is rather monotonous, consisting of amygdaloid basic-to-intermediate lavas in thick, nearly flat-lying beds. An ultrabasic olivine-rich intrusive is dominant in the westernmost part of the mountains. In the east, a small isolated outcrop con sisted of sedimentary rocks in a sequence of about 50 m, containing a fossil Glossopteris flora of Permian Age. All mountains were crossed by dolerite sills and dykes. During work in the mountains, animal and plant life were observed, and some samples were taken. Core drillings were taken at the ice shelf 70 km to the N, for comparison with main basic cores.
Keywords: Dronning Maud Land; Norwegian Antarctic Expedition 1968-69; geodesi; geologi; glasiologi; kartlegging; topografi

The distribution of zooplankton in the southern ocean and its dependence on the circulation of water - Voronina, N. M. (Sarsia, 1968)
The distribution of zooplankton in the Southern Ocean depends on seasonal changes in quantity and on redistribution of the plankton by currents. In the upper 100 m the meridianal component of the current shifts the maxima of some species northwards from the divergence zone at a mean velocity of about 20 cm/sec. In the Antarctic convergence zone the water sinks at a mean velocity of 10.5 m/day. This brings about an increase of the total plankton amounting to about 3% per day. As the southward flow of deep water is very slow the transfer of plankton in this layer is negligible.
Keywords: Sørishavet; marin biologi; oseanografi; plankton

Morphology and distribution of the marine centric diatom Thalassiosira antarctica Comber - Hasle, Grethe R; Heimdal, Berit R (Journal of the Royal Microscopical Society, 1968)
Keywords: Sørishavet; diatomeer; fytoplankton; marinbiologi; plankton

Studies of surface snow at Plateau station - Lunde, Torbjørn (Antarctic Journal of the United States, 1968)
Keywords: Dronning Maud Land; ekspedisjoner; firnsnø; forskning; glasiologi; metamorfologi; morfologi; snø; stratigrafi

Studies of surface snow at Plateau Station - Orheim, Olav (Antarctic Journal of the United States, 1968)
Keywords: Dronning Maud Land; glasiologi; snø; stratigrafi

I telt på evig is: norsk polarekspedisjon til sydpollandet - Torkildsen, Torbjørn (Nå, 1968)
Keywords: Antarktis; Dronning Maud Land; ekspedisjoner; forskning; politikk

Norsk polarekspedisjon til sydpollandet: i telt på evig is - Torkildsen, Torbjørn (Nå, 1968)
Keywords: Dronning Maud Land; ekspedisjoner

Konsul Lars Christensen 6. april 1884—10. desember 1965 - Holtedahl, Olaf (Norsk Geografisk Tidsskrift - Norwegian Journal of Geography, 1967)
Keywords: Antarktis; historie; hvalfangst; oppdagelsesreiser

Some results of micrometeorological measurements in Antarctica - Vinje, Torgny E (Archiv für Meteorologie, Geophysik und Bioklimatologie, Serie A, 1967)
Keywords: Dronning Maud Land; glasiologi; meteorologi

"Pelagos" ex "Athenic" - Berg, Knut (Vestfold-minne, 1964)
Keywords: Sørishavet; historie; hvalbåter; hvalfangerflåte; hvalfangstindustri; hvalfangstselskaper; hvalindustri; pelagisk

Folketro på hvalfangst - Eriksen, Erling (Vestfold-minne, 1964)
Keywords: Sørishavet; erindringer; fortellinger; historie; hvalfangere; hvalfangst; pelagisk; sjøfolk

Noen problemer i den moderne hvalfangsts historie - Tønnessen, Johan Nicolay (Vestfold-minne, 1964)
Keywords: Carl Anton Larsen; Henrik Johan Bull; Svend Foyn; Sørishavet; historie; hvalfangstindustri; hvalfangstselskaper; hvalindustri; næring; pelagisk; polareksspedisjoner; økonomi

In Amundsen's Tracks on the Axel Heiberg Glacier - Herbert, Walter William (The Geographical Journal, 1963)
Keywords: Antarktis; Roald Amundsen; ekspedisjoner; geografi; oppdagelsesreiser; polarområdene; sydpolen

Norges "tapte kontinenter" I - Lunde, Erik (Nå, 1962)
Keywords: Antarktis; historie; politikk; stasjoner

Tønsbergs sjøfart gjennom 100 år - Eriksen, Erling (Vestfoldminne, 1961)
Keywords: Sørishavet; Vestfold; historie; hvalfangstindustri; hvalkokerier; pelagisk; skipsbyggerier

Thermal and metabolic responses of men in the Antarctic to a standard cold stress - Milan, Frederick A; Elsner, Robert W; Rodahl, Kaare (Journal of Applied Physiology, 1961)
Thermal and metabolic responses of eight male subjects exposed nude for 2 hr to a standard cold stress (17 α 1.0 C air temperature) were examined in the austral fall, winter, and spring at Little America in the Antarctic. Mean body, average skin and foot temperatures increased significantly after 3 months. Neither rectal nor finger temperatures were changed over the year. Although basal metabolic rates were unchanged, there was a significant decrease in the metabolic responses to the standard cold stress after 3 months in the Antarctic. It is suggested that these changes represent physiological adaptations to chronic cold. Submitted on November 14, 1960
Keywords: Antarktis; fysiologi; kuldeeksponering; kuldetoleranse; medisin

Fugl i norske biland. - 2. Bouvet-øya - Holgersen, Holger (Sterna, 1960)
Keywords: Bouvetøya; fugler; ornitologi; zoologi

The snow petrel Pagodroma nivea nesting in Dronning Maud Land - Løvenskiold, Herman L. (Ibis, 1960)
Keywords: Dronning Maud Land; ekspedisjoner; forskning; fugler; ornitologi; zoologi

Otter'n, sprækeste fly i verden: skjeggete Antarktis-flygere hjemme igjen etter vellykket kartlegging av norske ismasser - Heyerdahl, Johan Fredrik (Mannskapsavisa, 1959)
Keywords: Dronning Maud Land; ekspedisjoner; fly; kartlegging; logistikk

Et hvalfangerbrev - Larsen, Tryggen (Magasinet for alle, 1959)
Keywords: Sørishavet; hvalfangst

Vitenskap i kaldt land (Aktuell, 1958)
Keywords: Dronning Maud Land; ekspedisjoner

Air operations of the Norwegian-British-Swedish Antarctic Expedition in 1952 - Essen, Reinhold von (Polar Record, 1956)
Keywords: Antarktis; Dronning Maud Land; Maudheimekspedisjonen; NBSAE 1949-52; NSBX 1949-52; Norsk-britisk-svenske antarktisekspedisjon; ekspedisjoner; flyfoto; forskning; geografi; luftfoto

Phytoplankton and Hydrography of the Pacific Part of the Antarctic Ocean - Hasle, Grethe Rytter (Nature, 1956)
Keywords: Sørishavet; fytoplankton; hydrografi

Determination of the Thickness of Ice Shelves by Seismic Shooting Methods - Robin, Gordon de Quetteville (Nature, 1956)
SEISMIC soundings of the thickness of the floating ice shelves of Antarctica have so far been attempted by two expeditions, the Second Byrd Antarctic Expedition of 1933–35 1, and the Norwegian–British–Swedish Antarctic Expedition 1949–52 2,3. Further measurements are likely to be made by several expeditions during the International Geophysical Year 1957–58. Reinterpretation of results from iceshelves obtained from the Norwegian-British-Swedish Antarctic expedition 1949-52.
Keywords: Dronning Maud Land; Maudheimekspedisjonen; NBSAE 1949-52; NSBX 1949-52; Norsk-britisk-svenske antarktisekspedisjon; glasiologi

Internasjonal regulering av hvalfangsten: et tilbakeblikk og en vurdering - Ruud, Johan T (Samtiden, 1956)
Keywords: Sørishavet; forvaltning; historie; hvalfangst; politikk

Upper Air Temperatures over an Antarctic Station: A preliminary note by - Schumacher, Nils Jørgen (Tellus, 1955)
Keywords: Dronning Maud Land; Maudheimekspedisjonen; NBSAE 1949-52; NSBX 1949-52; Norsk-britisk-svenske antarktisekspedisjon; forskningsstasjoner; meteorologi

Et forsøk på måling av breforandring i Antarktis - Liestøl, Olav (Norsk Geografisk Tidsskrift - Norwegian Journal of Geography, 1954)
Keywords: Antarktis; glasiologi; isbreer; klimaendringer

Sledge dogs of the Norwegian-British-Swedish Antarctic Expedition, 1949–52 - Reece, Alan (Polar Record, 1954)
Keywords: Antarktis; Dronning Maud Land; Maudheimekspedisjonen; NBSAE 1949-52; NSBX 1949-52; Norsk-britisk-svenske antarktisekspedisjon; ekspedisjoner; sledehunder

Measurements of ice thickness in Dronning Maud Land - Robin, Gordon de Quetteville (Polar Record, 1954)
Keywords: Dronning Maud Land; Maudheimekspedisjonen; NBSAE 1949-52; NSBX 1949-52; Norsk-britisk-svenske antarktisekspedisjon; glasiologi

Tidal currents off the antarctic ice barrier, Queen Maud Land - Sverdrup, Harald Ulrik (Archiv für Meteorologie, Geophysik und Bioklimatologie, Serie A, 1954)
Observations of tidal currents in lat. 71° 01′ S, long. 10° 55′ W indicate that a semi-diurnal tidal wave progresses towards the WSW, that is, parallel to the main direction of the barrier. ForM2 the cotidal hour appears to be about 7h, in good agreement with the value 6.7h, that is derived from observations of the atmospheric pressure. Furthermore, the current measurements indicate that the ratio(K1+O1)/(M2+S2) is large, perhaps as large as 2.5.
Keywords: Maudheimekspedisjonen; NBSAE 1949-52; NSBX 1949-52; Norsk-britisk-svenske antarktisekspedisjon; Sørishavet; havstrømmer; klimaendringer; meteorologi; oseanografi; tidevann

The base of the Norwegian-British-Swedish Antarctic Expedition, 1949–52 - Reece, Alan (Polar Record, 1953)
Keywords: Dronning Maud Land; Maudheimekspedisjonen; NBSAE 1949-52; NSBX 1949-52; Norsk-britisk-svenske antarktisekspedisjon; ekspedisjoner; forskning

An International Expedition to Antarctica - Robin, Gordon de Quetteville (The Geographical Journal, 1953)
Keywords: Dronning Maud Land; Maudheimekspedisjonen; NBSAE 1949-52; NSBX 1949-52; Norsk-britisk-svenske antarktisekspedisjon; ekspedisjoner; forskning

Measurements of Ice thickness in Dronning Maud Land, Antarctica - Robin, Gordon de Quetteville (Nature, 1953)
Keywords: Dronning Maud Land; Maudheimekspedisjonen; NBSAE 1949-52; NSBX 1949-52; Norsk-britisk-svenske antarktisekspedisjon; ekspedisjoner; glasiologi

Norwegian-British-Swedish Antarctic Expedition, 1949–52 - Robin, Gordon de Quetteville (Polar Record, 1953)
Keywords: Dronning Maud Land; Maudheimekspedisjonen; NBSAE 1949-52; NSBX 1949-52; Norsk-britisk-svenske antarktisekspedisjon; ekspedisjoner; forskning

On Conditions for the Vernal Blooming of Phytoplankton - Sverdrup, Harald Ulrik (ICES Journal of Marine Science, 1953)
Keywords: Sørishavet; forskning; oseanografi; planteplankton

Mechanical Transport of the Norwegian-British-Swedish Antarctic Expedition, 1949–52 - Swithinbank, Charles (Polar Record, 1953)
Keywords: Antarktis; Dronning Maud Land; Maudheimekspedisjonen; NBSAE 1949-52; NSBX 1949-52; Norsk-britisk-svenske antarktisekspedisjon

Er det noen forskjell mellom Arktis og Antarktis? - Giæver, John (Magasinet for alle, 1952)
Keywords: Dronning Maud Land; ekspedisjoner

A Radar Survey of the Ice Barrier - Higgins, Robert (Journal of Navigation, 1952)
Keywords: Antarktis; Dronning Maud Land; Maudheimekspedisjonen; NBSAE 1949-52; NSBX 1949-52; Norsk-britisk-svenske antarktisekspedisjon; ekspedisjoner; forskning; geografi; geologi

Antarktis, der snøfokket pisker i juli : om ismassene rundt Sydpolen smelter, stiger verdenshavene med 30 meter : "Norsel"-ekspedisjonen får stor betydning for vitenskapen - [Roer, Nils] (Nå, 1952)
Keywords: Dronning Maud Land; Maudheim (Antarktis); Maudheimekspedisjonen; NBSAE 1949-52; NSBX 1949-52; Norsel (skip); Norsk-britisk-svenske antarktisekspedisjon; Sydpolen; vitenskap

The Norwegian-British-Swedish Antarctic Expedition (The Geographical Journal, 1951)
Keywords: Antarktis; Dronning Maud Land; Maudheimekspedisjonen; NBSAE 1949-52; NSBX 1949-52; Norsk-britisk-svenske antarktisekspedisjon; ekspedisjoner; forskning

Range of the Ringed Penguin, Pygoscelis antarctica - Holgersen, Holger (The Auk, 1951)
Keywords: Brategg ekspedisjon; Peter I. Øy; fugler; ornitologi

Die Norwegisch-Britisch-Schwedische Expedition in die Antarktis - Sverdrup, Harald Ulrik (Polarforschung, 1951)
Keywords: Dronning Maud Land; Maudheim (Antarktis); Maudheimekspedisjonen; NBSAE 1949-52; NSBX 1949-52; Norsk-britisk-svenske antarktisekspedisjon

The International Expedition to Queen Maud Land (The Geographical Journal, 1950)
Keywords: Dronning Maud Land; Maudheim (Antarktis); Maudheimekspedisjonen; NBSAE 1949-52; NSBX 1949-52; Norsk-britisk-svenske antarktisekspedisjon

The Norwegian-British-Swedish Antarctic Expedition (The Geographical Journal, 1950)
Keywords: Dronning Maud Land; Maudheim (Antarktis); Maudheimekspedisjonen; NBSAE 1949-52; NSBX 1949-52; Norsk-britisk-svenske antarktisekspedisjon

The Queen Maud Land Expedition (The Geographical Journal, 1950)
Keywords: Dronning Maud Land; Maudheim (Antarktis); Maudheimekspedisjonen; NBSAE 1949-52; NSBX 1949-52; Norsk-britisk-svenske antarktisekspedisjon

The Queen Maud Land Expedition (The Geographical Journal, 1950)
Keywords: Dronning Maud Land; Maudheim (Antarktis); Maudheimekspedisjonen; NBSAE 1949-52; NSBX 1949-52; Norsk-britisk-svenske antarktisekspedisjon

Blod, svette og tårer - Orud, Hilmar (Magasinet for alle, 1950)
Keywords: Sørishavet; hvalfangst

Norwegian-British-Swedish Antarctic Expedition, 1949–52 - Roberts, Brian Birley (Polar Record, 1950)
Keywords: Antarktis; Dronning Maud Land; Maudheimekspedisjonen; NBSAE 1949-52; NSBX 1949-52; Norsk-britisk-svenske antarktisekspedisjon; ekspedisjoner

Norwegian-British-Swedish Expedition to Queen Maud Land (The Geographical Journal, 1949)
Keywords: Dronning Maud Land; Maudheim (Antarktis); Maudheimekspedisjonen; NBSAE 1949-52; NSBX 1949-52; Norsk-britisk-svenske antarktisekspedisjon

The Queen Maud Land Expedition (The Geographical Journal, 1949)
Keywords: Dronning Maud Land; Maudheim (Antarktis); Maudheimekspedisjonen; NBSAE 1949-52; NSBX 1949-52; Norsk-britisk-svenske antarktisekspedisjon

Preliminary Glaciological Plans for the Norwegian-British-Swedish Antarctic Expedition, 1949–52 - Ahlmann, Hans Wilhelmsson (Journal of Glaciology, 1949)
Keywords: Antarktis; Dronning Maud Land; Maudheimekspedisjonen; NBSAE 1949-52; NSBX 1949-52; Norsk-britisk-svenske antarktisekspedisjon; glasiologi

The Norwegian-Swedish-British Antarctic Expedition - Ahlmann, Hans Wilhelmsson (Tellus, 1949)
Keywords: Antarktis; Dronning Maud Land; Maudheimekspedisjonen; NBSAE 1949-52; NSBX 1949-52; Norsk-britisk-svenske antarktisekspedisjon; ekspedisjoner; forskning

Kort oversikt over den norske pelagiske hvalfangst 1939-1949 - Bogen, Hans (Liv og virke ved polene : polarboken 1949, 1949)
Keywords: Sørishavet; historie; hvalfangst

Dronning Mauds Land - Giæver, John (Magasinet for alle, 1949)
Keywords: Dronning Maud Land; ekspedisjoner

The Antarctic Continent - Law, Phillip Garth (Walkabout, 1949)
Keywords: Antarktis; Dronning Maud Land; Maudheimekspedisjonen; NBSAE 1949-52; NSBX 1949-52; Norsk-britisk-svenske antarktisekspedisjon; ekspedisjoner

Norwegian-British-Swedish expedition to the Antarctic (The Geographical Journal, 1948)
Keywords: Antarktis; Dronning Maud Land; Maudheimekspedisjonen; NBSAE 1949-52; NSBX 1949-52; Norsk-britisk-svenske antarktisekspedisjon; ekspedisjoner; forskning

Norwegian-British-Swedish Expedition to the Antarctic (The Geographical Journal, 1948)
Keywords: Dronning Maud Land; Maudheim (Antarktis); Maudheimekspedisjonen; NBSAE 1949-52; NSBX 1949-52; Norsk-britisk-svenske antarktisekspedisjon

Proposed British-Norwegian-Swedish Antarctic Expedition, 1948–50 (Polar Record, 1947)
Keywords: Antarktis; Dronning Maud Land; Maudheimekspedisjonen; NBSAE 1949-52; NSBX 1949-52; Norsk-britisk-svenske antarktisekspedisjon; ekspedisjoner; forskning

Vestfold og hvalfangsten - Bogen, Hans (Årbok for Den norske turistforening, 1947)
Keywords: Sørishavet; historie; hvalfangst; økonomi

Contemporary International Interest in the Antarctic - Fleming, W L S (International Affairs, 1947)
Keywords: Dronning Maud Land; Maudheimekspedisjonen; NBSAE 1949-52; NSBX 1949-52; Norsk-britisk-svenske antarktisekspedisjon

Generalmajor Per Schjelderup Nissen som kartograf og geograf - Bjørstad, Erling (Norsk Geografisk Tidsskrift - Norwegian Journal of Geography, 1944)

Entdeckungen und Ansprüche in der Antarktis - Drygalski, Erich von (Geographische Zeitschrift, 1944)
Keywords: Antarktis; Dronning Maud Land; ekspedisjoner; internasjonal; polarhistorie; politikk

Den antarktiske fugleverden - Holgersen, Holger (Naturen, 1944)
Keywords: Antarktis; fugler; ornitologi

Bouvet-Insel - Engelmann, Gerhard (Geographische Zeitschrift, 1940)
Keywords: Bouvetøya; geografi; historie

Det Norske Geografiske Selskap (The Geographical Journal, 1939)
Keywords: Antarktis; Det Norske Geografiske Selskap; ekspedisjoner; geografi; polarområdene

The Norwegian sector of the Antarctic (The Geographical Journal, 1939)
Keywords: Bouvetøya; internasjonal politikk; rett

Recent Reconnaissance Flights in the Antarctic - Christensen, Lars (The Geographical Journal, 1939)
Keywords: Antarktis; Lars Christensen; Thorshavn ekspedisjon; flyfoto; geografi; hvalfangere; hvalfangst; luftfoto; oppdagelsesreiser

The Course of Antarctic Exploration between Longitudes 20° W. and 110° E. Notes on the map compiled to accompany the paper by Mr. Lars Christensen - Christensen, Lars (The Geographical Journal, 1939)
Keywords: Antarktis; Lars Christensen; ekspedisjoner; forskning; geografi; hvalfangere; hvalfangst; oppdagelsesreiser

Norsk statsvelde i Antarktis - Utenriksdepartementet (1939)
Keywords: Dronning Maud Land; historie; politikk; statsvitenskap

Om hvalfangstens naturgrunnlag - Ruud, Johan T (Naturen, 1938)
Keywords: Sørishavet; hvaler; marinbiologi; zoologi

The Story of Whaling - Hjort, Johan (The Scientific Monthly, 1937)
Keywords: Sørishavet; historie; hvalfangst

Omkring hvalfangsten - Bogen, Hans (Samtiden: tidsskrift for politikk, litteratur og samfunnsspørsmål, 1936)
Keywords: Sørishavet; hvalfangst; hvalfangstnæring; hvalolje; pelagisk; økonomi

Mot Fremtidenn - Brøgger, Anton Wilhelm (Norsk Geografisk Tidsskrift - Norwegian Journal of Geography, 1936)
Keywords: Antarktis; Roald Amundsen; ekspedisjoner; polarområdene; sydpolen

Min Siste Ekspedisjon Til Antarktis 1936–1937 - Christensen, Lars (Norsk Geografisk Tidsskrift - Norwegian Journal of Geography, 1936)

Modifications des Noms de lieu du Continent Antarctique - Hansen, Hans Edvard (Norsk Geografisk Tidsskrift - Norwegian Journal of Geography, 1936)
Keywords: Antarktis; Lars Christensen; Thorshavn ekspedisjon; flyfoto; geografi; kartografi; luftfoto; oppdagelsesreiser

Blåhval - Ruud, Johan T (Kvalitet, 1936)
Keywords: Sørishavet; hval; hvalfangst

Ergebnisse der Norwegischen Antarktischen Expeditionen - Wüst, Georg (Dr. A. Petermann's Mitteilungen aus Justus Perthes' Geographischer Anstalt, 1936)
Keywords: Antarktis; Lars Christensen; Norvegia ekspedisjoner; forskning; oppdagelsesreiser

Consul Lars Christensen's Antarctic Cruise, 1933–34 (Polar Record, 1935)
Keywords: Antarktis; Thorshavn ekspedisjon; hydrografi; meteorologi; oseanografi

Human Activities and the Study of Life in the Sea: An Essay on Methods of Research and Experiment - Hjort, Johan (Geographical Review, 1935)
Keywords: Sørishavet; historie; hvalfangst

Carsten Borchgrevink - Hoel, Adolf (Norsk Geografisk Tidsskrift - Norwegian Journal of Geography, 1935)
Keywords: Antarktis; Carsten Borchgrevink; ekspedisjoner; oppdagelsesreiser; polarområdene

Der Walfang als Volkswirtschaftliches Problem - Hudtwalker, Carl Heinrich; Magnus, Finn (Norsk Geografisk Tidsskrift - Norwegian Journal of Geography, 1935)

Adrien de Gerlache - Isachsen, Gunnar (Norsk Geografisk Tidsskrift - Norwegian Journal of Geography, 1935)

Norwegian Discoveries in the Antarctic, 1935 - [Mikkelsen, Klarius] (Polar Record, 1935)
Keywords: Antarktis; Nordmenn; ekspedisjoner; oppdagelsesreiser

Opdagelsen Av Ingrid Christensen Land - Mikkelsen, Klarius (Norsk Geografisk Tidsskrift - Norwegian Journal of Geography, 1935)
Keywords: Antarktis; Ingrid Christensen Land; Thorshavn ekspedisjon; geografi; kartlegging; kartografi; oppdagelsesreiser

Fra »Norvegia« - Ekspedisjonene. Noen meteorologiske og oceanografiske resultater - Mosby, Hakon (Norsk Geografisk Tidsskrift - Norwegian Journal of Geography, 1935)
Keywords: Norvegia ekspedisjoner; Sørishavet; meteorologi; oseanografi; strømmer; vannmasser

Consul Lars Christensen's Antarctic Cruise, 1933–34 (Polar Record, 1934)
Keywords: Antarktis; Thorshavn ekspedisjon; hydrografi; meteorologi; oseanografi

Wie entsteht die Antarktische Konvergenz? - Sverdrup, Harald Ulrik (Annalen der Hydrographie und Maritimische Meteorologie, 1934)
Keywords: Sørishavet; forskning; havstrømmer; meteorologi; oseanografi

Administration of Bouvet and Peter I Islands (The Geographical Journal, 1933)

The Norwegian Expedition to the Antarctic (The Geographical Journal, 1933)
Keywords: Antarktis; Hjalmar Riiser; Larsen; ekspedisjoner; oppdagelsesreiser; sledehunder

The Japanese South Polar Expedition of 1911-1912: A Little-Known Episode in Antarctic Exploration - Hamre, Ivar (The Geographical Journal, 1933)
Keywords: Antarktis; Choku Shirase; Den japanske antarktisekspedisjonen 1910–12; Sydpolen; ekspedisjoner; oppdagelsesreiser

A Brief History of Whaling - Hjort, Johan (Polar Record, 1932)
Keywords: Sørishavet; historie; hvalfangst

Norwegian Explorations in the Antarctic, 1930-1931 - Isachsen, Gunnar (Geographical Review, 1932)
Keywords: Antarktis; Hjalmar Riiser; Lars Christensen; Larsen; Norvegia ekspedisjoner; ekspedisjoner; forskning; geografi; hvalfangere; hvalfangst; meteorologi; oppdagelsesreiser; oseanografi

Relation of the Work of the Mawson and Norwegian Antarctic Expeditions, 1930-1931 - Joerg, Wolfgang Louis Gottfried (Geographical Review, 1932)
Keywords: Antarktis; Lars Christensen; Thorshavn ekspedisjoner; geografi; hvalfangere; hvalfangst; oppdagelsesreiser

Antarktis - Walnum, Ragnv. (Norsk Geografisk Tidsskrift - Norwegian Journal of Geography, 1932)
Keywords: Sørishavet; hvalfangere; isforholdene; isgrenser; iskartet; kart; pakkis

Antarctic Circumnavigation by the "Norvegia" (Geographical Review, 1931)
Keywords: Antarktis; Lars Christensen; Norvegia ekspedisjonen; ekspedisjoner; forskning; geografi; polarområdene

Antarctic Research by the "Norvegia" Expeditions and Others: Discussion - Goodenough, William; Christensen, Lars; Kemp, Stanley; Wordie, James Mann; Mill, Hugh Robert (The Geographical Journal, 1931)
Keywords: Antarktis; Norvegia ekspedisjonen; ekspedisjoner; forsking; hvalfangst

Antarctic Research by the Norvegia Expeditions and Others - Holtedahl, Olaf (The Geographical Journal, 1931)
Keywords: Lars Christensen; Norvegia ekspedisjonene; Odd I.; Sørishavet; ekspedisjonen; ekspedisjoner; forskning; geografi; hvalfangere; hvalfangst; pelagisk; polarområdene

The Antarctic (The Geographical Journal, 1930)
Keywords: Antarktis; Bouvetøya; Christen Christensen; Hjalmar Riiser; Larsen; Norvegia ekspedisjonen; Peter I. Øy; kartlegging; oppdagelsesreiser

Antarctic discoveries - Brown, R N Rudmose (Scottish Geographical Magazine, 1930)
Keywords: Bouvetøya; Norvegia ekspedisjonene; Sørishavet; kartlegging; oppdagelsesreiser

Geografisk kronikk - Haffner, Einar (Norsk Geografisk Tidsskrift - Norwegian Journal of Geography, 1930)
Keywords: Antarktis; ekspedisjoner; historie; polarforskning; polarområdene

Den Tredje »Norvegia«-Ekspedisjon 1929—1930 - Riiser-Larsen, Hjalmar (Norsk Geografisk Tidsskrift - Norwegian Journal of Geography, 1930)
Keywords: Bouvetøya; Hjalmar Riiser; Larsen; Norvegia ekspedisjonen; geografi; kartlegging