Antarktis-bibliografi er en database over den norske Antarktis-litteraturen.
Hensikten med bibliografien er å synliggjøre norsk antarktisforskning og annen virksomhet/historie i det ekstreme sør. Bibliografien er ikke komplett, spesielt ikke for nyere forskning, men den blir oppdatert.
Norsk er her definert som minst én norsk forfatter, publikasjonssted Norge eller publikasjon som har utspring i norsk forskningsprosjekt.
Antarktis er her definert som alt sør for 60 grader. I tillegg har vi tatt med Bouvetøya.
Det er ingen avgrensing på språk (men det meste av innholdet er på norsk eller engelsk). Eldre norske antarktispublikasjoner (den eldste er fra 1894) er dominert av kvalfangst og ekspedisjoner. I nyere tid er det den internasjonale polarforskninga som dominerer. Bibliografien er tverrfaglig; den dekker både naturvitenskapene, politikk, historie osv. Skjønnlitteratur er også inkludert, men ikke avisartikler eller upublisert materiale.
Til høyre finner du en «HELP-knapp» for informasjon om søkemulighetene i databasen. Mange referanser har lett synlige lenker til fulltekstversjon av det aktuelle dokumentet. For de fleste tidsskriftartiklene er det også lagt inn sammendrag.
Bibliografien er produsert ved Norsk Polarinstitutts bibliotek.
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Results 4 resources
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We present the first data on attendance patterns, at-sea movements and diving behaviour of Antarctic fur seals breeding at Bouvetøya (Bouvet Island), Southern Ocean. While other colonies have been extensively studied, this remote and second largest global population remains relatively unknown. Time depth recorders and satellite relay data loggers were deployed on breeding females during the 2000–2001 and 2001–2002 summers. Attendance and foraging patterns were similar to those observed at colonies in the Scotia Sea region where Antarctic krill is the predominant prey. Early to mid-lactation trips ranged within ~100 km of the island, usually towards the west. The dominant direction shifted later in the season and the range also increased markedly to a peak between early February and early March. Solar elevation influenced arrivals and departures from the island, with most departures occurring around sunset. Diurnal variations in diving behaviour were consistent with the vertical migration of krill. Diving frequency was higher at night and diving effort peaked around morning twilight. Afternoon deep diving was common, suggesting that females might target dense daytime krill aggregations between the photic zone and the thermocline. Trip durations increased throughout early to mid-lactation, peaking in late January to early March, before again decreasing towards the end of lactation. Our results illustrate the substantial variability, both between individuals and within individuals over time, that is likely to reflect variations in prey distribution and in the growth requirements of pups. Such variations need to be taken into account when estimating habitat use and resource utilisation in marine top predators.
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The effect of UVR on the viability of the culturable bacterial community fraction (CBC), and two of their isolated components (Arthrobacter-UVvi and Bizionia-UVps), was studied in the top few metres of the water column at Potter Cove, King George Island, Antarctica. Quartz flasks containing CBC from surface waters were exposed to solar radiation at depths of 0, 1 and 3 m. Similar experiments using UVps and UVvi isolates were performed. In some experiments interferential filters were used to discriminate photosynthetic active radiation (PAR), UV-A and UV-B. CBC from depths of 0, 10 and 30 m were also exposed to surface solar radiation. The deleterious effect of UVR was observed at the surface and at a depth of 1 m, but not at a depth of 3 m. Studies with interferential filters showed low bacterial viability values at depths of 0 and 1 m under both UVR treatments. However, under low radiation doses the effect attributed to UV-B was higher than that caused by UV-A. The surface CBC was more resistant to UVR compared with CBC from a depth of 30 m. The results showed that CBC inhabiting waters above the pycnocline (located at a depth of 5–10 m) are more efficiently adapted to UVR than are those from below the pycnocline. The impact of UVR on the marine bacterioplankton studied was only detected in the first metre of the stratified water column of Potter Cove, which has high levels of suspended particulate matter. These results support the evidence for a significant UVR-attenuating effect in the water column of this coastal Antarctic water.
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Swarming is a fundamental part of the life of Euphausia superba, yet we still know very little about what drives the considerable variability in swarm shape, size and biomass. We examined swarms across the Scotia Sea in January and February 2003 using a Simrad EK60 (38 and 120kHz) echosounder, concurrent with net sampling. The acoustic data were analysed through applying a swarm-identification algorithm and then filtering out all non-krill targets. The area, length, height, depth, packing-concentration and inter-swarm distance of 4525 swarms was derived by this method. Hierarchical clustering revealed 2 principal swarm types, which differed in both their dimensions and packing-concentrations. Type 1 swarms were generally small (<50m long) and were not very tightly packed (<10ind.m−3), whereas type 2 swarms were an order of magnitude larger and had packing concentrations up to 10 times greater. Further sub-divisions of these types identified small and standard swarms within the type 1 group and large and superswarms within the type 2 group. A minor group (swarm type 3) was also found, containing swarms that were isolated (>100km away from the next swarm). The distribution of swarm types over the survey grid was examined with respect to a number of potential explanatory variables describing both the environment and the internal-state of krill (namely maturity, body length, body condition). Most variables were spatially averaged over scales of ∼100km and so mainly had a mesoscale perspective. The exception was the level of light (photosynthetically active radiation (PAR)) for which measurements were specific to each swarm. A binary logistic model was constructed from four variables found to have significant explanatory power (P<0.05): surface fluorescence, PAR, krill maturity and krill body length. Larger (type 2) swarms were more commonly found during nighttime or when it was overcast during the day, when surface fluorescence was low, and when the krill were small and immature. A strong pattern of diel vertical migration was not observed although the larger and denser swarms tended to occur more often at night than during the day. The vast majority of krill were contained within a minor fraction of the total number of swarms. These krill-rich swarms were more common in areas dominated by small and immature krill. We propose that, at the mesoscale level, the structure of swarms switches from being predominantly large and tightly packed to smaller and more diffuse as krill grow and mature. This pattern is further modulated according to feeding conditions and then level of light.
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Topic
- plankton
- bakterier (1)
- Bouvetøya (1)
- ekkolodd (1)
- ekspedisjoner (1)
- euphausiacea (1)
- forskning (1)
- krill (3)
- marin biologi (4)
- marine økosystemer (2)
- økologi (1)
- pelsseler (1)
- raudåte (1)
- satellittsendere (1)
- Scotiahavet (1)
- Sørishavet (3)
- statistisk analyse (1)
- ultrafiolett stråling (1)
- UV-stråling (1)
- vannsøyle (1)
- zoologi (1)
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- Book (1)
- Journal Article (3)