Antarktis-bibliografi er en database over den norske Antarktis-litteraturen.
Hensikten med bibliografien er å synliggjøre norsk antarktisforskning og annen virksomhet/historie i det ekstreme sør. Bibliografien er ikke komplett, spesielt ikke for nyere forskning, men den blir oppdatert.
Norsk er her definert som minst én norsk forfatter, publikasjonssted Norge eller publikasjon som har utspring i norsk forskningsprosjekt.
Antarktis er her definert som alt sør for 60 grader. I tillegg har vi tatt med Bouvetøya.
Det er ingen avgrensing på språk (men det meste av innholdet er på norsk eller engelsk). Eldre norske antarktispublikasjoner (den eldste er fra 1894) er dominert av kvalfangst og ekspedisjoner. I nyere tid er det den internasjonale polarforskninga som dominerer. Bibliografien er tverrfaglig; den dekker både naturvitenskapene, politikk, historie osv. Skjønnlitteratur er også inkludert, men ikke avisartikler eller upublisert materiale.
Til høyre finner du en «HELP-knapp» for informasjon om søkemulighetene i databasen. Mange referanser har lett synlige lenker til fulltekstversjon av det aktuelle dokumentet. For de fleste tidsskriftartiklene er det også lagt inn sammendrag.
Bibliografien er produsert ved Norsk Polarinstitutts bibliotek.
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Results 5 resources
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Diving patterns of air-breathing predators were monitored from three moored subsurface upward-looking echosounders. Complete and partial dive profiles were visible on active acoustic records as echoes that started and/or returned to the surface. Dive metrics: maximum dive depths, durations, and wiggle count were measured and angles, distances, and velocities, were calculated at each site. Dive shapes ‘U’, ‘V’ and ‘W’ were derived using the number of wiggles and the percentage of dive bottom time. Dive profiles were classified into four types with type 1 dives being short in total duration and distance, low velocities, small angles, shallow, and linked to ‘U’ and ‘W’ shapes. Type 2 dives were short in distance, had low velocities, shallow depths, and were linked to ‘V’ dives. Dive types 3 and 4 had higher velocities, larger angles, longer total durations, and were deeper than types 1 and 2. Observed dive types could correspond to travelling, exploring, and foraging predator behaviors. Significant predator-prey overlaps occurred with predator dive profile counts correlated with krill aggregation thickness, density, and depth. This study demonstrates the utility of using stationary active acoustics to identify predator dive profiles with a simultaneous characterization of the potential prey field.
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The cemetery at Whalers Bay, Deception Island, was the largest in the Antarctic prior to being partially buried and partially washed away during a volcanic eruption in 1969. In 2002 a wooden cross at Argentina's Decepción Station was identified as being that of the Norwegian whaler Peder Knapstad. It was removed, secured in a base, and re-erected at Whalers Bay.
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Different magnitude scales are calculated for a set of volcano-tectonic earthquakes recorded in Deception Island Volcano (Antarctica). The data set includes earthquakes recorded during an intense seismic series that occurred in January–February 1999, with hypocentral distances that range between 0.5 and 15 km. This data set is enlarged to include some regional earthquakes with hypocentral distances up to 200 km. The local magnitude scale, ML, fixed at a hypocentral distance of 17 km, is used as the reference for the other magnitude scales studied in the present work. ML is determined on a standard Wood–Anderson simulated trace assuming a gain of 2080. Maximum peak-to-peak amplitudes are measured on the vertical components of a short-period sensor. The Mw scale is calculated, in the vertical component, both for P and S waves. The attenuation correction of the ground motion displacement spectra is introduced using data from coda waves studied in the area. The comparison between ML values and Mw estimations indicates severe discrepancies between both values. A magnitude–duration scale is calibrated from the comparison between coda durations of the recorded events and their assigned local magnitude scales. In order to investigate the causes of the discrepancy between the ML and Mw values we analyze two possible error sources: a wrong coda Q value, or the effects of the near-surface attenuation that initially are not taken into account in the correction of the ground displacement spectra. The analysis reveals that the main cause of this discrepancy is the effect of the near-surface attenuation. The near-surface attenuation is also the cause of the determination of an anomalous spectral decay slope, after the corner frequency, and the determination of this corner frequency value. This near-surface attenuation, represented by κ, is estimated over the data set, obtaining an average value of 0.025. With this κ value, the Mw scale is recalculated using an automatic algorithm. The new Mw values are more consistent with the ML values, obtaining a relationship of Mw=0.78ML−0.02.
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We investigated the use of an automated routine to determine moment magnitudes from the displacement spectra of local and regional earthquakes. Two algorithms, a genetic algorithm and a converging grid search, were developed and tested with earthquake data from Mexico, Norway, and Deception Island (Antarctica). It was found that compared with manual analysis, the algorithms give reliable automatic moment magnitude (Mw) estimates in the range -1 < M < 8. The converging grid search appeared to be more cost-effective than the genetic algorithm. Mw at local and regional distances seems superior to amplitude-based magnitudes that saturate for large earthquakes. The application of the automated algorithm in near real time may help to obtain a nonsaturated magnitude estimate in the case of a large earthquake immediately after the earthquake has occurred. Also, the method can be useful for processing large amounts of data.
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